The expansion of new occupations concerned with community safety and anti-social behaviour following the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 brought with it demands for relevant professional education and training.

Professional doctorates are becoming increasingly well established in UK higher education, with a growth in the number and diversity of programmes being offered.

This article explores the higher education contribution to the qualifying training of police officers and probation officers and asks whether university study is an essential, desirable or indulgent ingredient in the education of people entering these careers.

The possibility of a consistent approach to the training of probation officers throughout Europe has been discussed for some time.

This paper explores the current training of youth justice practitioners and suggests that there is now a polarisation between the teaching of youth justice in England and Wales into an unhelpful vocational-academic dichotomy.

In the last decade, the number of people in drugs treatment in England has more than doubled to a total of 207,580 in 2008/9. The increasing access to drugs treatment has been accompanied by an expansion and development of the drugs workforce.