{"id":1337,"date":"2014-12-17T16:28:45","date_gmt":"2014-12-17T16:28:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mmuperu.co.uk\/bjcj\/?p=1337"},"modified":"2022-12-15T18:55:32","modified_gmt":"2022-12-15T18:55:32","slug":"community-justice-files-34","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mmuperu.co.uk\/bjcj\/articles\/community-justice-files-34\/","title":{"rendered":"Community Justice Files 34"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”2″ top_padding=”3″ bottom_padding=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ equal_height=”yes” gutter_size=”3″ column_width_use_pixel=”yes” shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ column_width_pixel=”1000″][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ position_horizontal=”left” gutter_size=”2″ override_padding=”yes” column_padding=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ align_mobile=”align_left_mobile” mobile_width=”0″ width=”2\/3″][vc_custom_heading text_font=”font-128611″ text_size=”h3″ text_weight=”500″ text_color=”color-210407″]Articles[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_separator sep_color=”color-210407″ el_height=”1px”][vc_custom_heading auto_text=”yes” text_font=”font-128611″ text_size=”h1″ text_weight=”500″ text_color=”accent”]This is a custom heading element.[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Published<\/span><\/td>\n17\/12\/2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Type<\/td>\nArticle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Author(s)<\/td>\nDr Nick Flynn, Ross Little<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Corresponding Authors<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DOA<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DOI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”3″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ align_mobile=”align_center_mobile” mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/1″][uncode_share layout=”multiple” bigger=”yes” separator=”yes”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text]Preferred bidders for Community Rehabilitation Companies announced<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Ministry of Justice have announced their preferred bidders for the 21 Community Rehabilitation Companies. Over half of the probation services will be run by consortia led by just two private sector providers: Sodexo and Interserve. A full list of the preferred bidders is available at:\u00a0https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/368266\/table-of-preferred-bidders.pdf<\/p>\n

Criminal Justice and Courts Bill: Secure Colleges (Part 2, Schedule 5 and 6)<\/strong>
\nFirst laid out in the Government response to the Green Paper \u2018Transforming Youth Custody (January, 2014) and now legislated for in the Criminal Justice and Courts Bill, proposals to introduce a network of \u2018secure colleges\u2019, putting \u201ceducation at the heart of youth custody\u201d, have raised growing concerns amongst penal reform groups over the safety, health and wellbeing of the children it is intended to hold in them. A 320-bed, \u00a385million \u2018pathfinder secure college\u2019, accommodating girls and boys between the ages of 12 and 17, is due to open in Leicestershire in 2017. A briefing prepared by the Standing Committee for Youth Justice, the Children\u2019s Right\u2019s Alliance and the Howard League for Penal Reform to inform the House of Lords Report Stage of the Bill has emphasised the following:<\/p>\n

Large institutions, far from a child\u2019s home, potentially holding a very diverse population are unsafe, unsuitable environments, which will not help to reduce reoffending or improve education\u2026 very little detail has been provided about how secure colleges will operate or the minimum standards required\u2026 The very limited information which does appear in the consultation document does nothing to allay our very serious concerns about the safety of children in secure colleges. On the contrary, it heightens our concerns. The consultation contains only one page on education, yet nearly half of the document is on punishment and the use of force. The impression\u00a0is that punishment, rather than education, will be \u201cat the heart of youth\u00a0custody.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The following amendments to the Bill were proposed:
\n\uf0b7 108, 110, 111 and 118, which prevent a secure college being established, or an\u00a0operating contract being entered into, before Parliament has approved\u00a0comprehensive Secondary legislation, and require the Secretary of State to ensure\u00a0that secure colleges meet the adequate health and wellbeing needs of children.
\n\uf0b7 109 which prevents girls and children younger than 15 being detained in a secure\u00a0college.
\n\uf0b7 121 which permits force to be used on children in secure colleges only as a last\u00a0resort, for the purposes of preventing harm to the child or others, and to the\u00a0minimum extent necessary.<\/p>\n

However, opinion in the House of Lords on the proposals for \u2018secure colleges\u2019 appears to\u00a0be divided. During the debate held on 23rd July 2014, peers voted only in favour of the\u00a0second of the amendments tabled and then by a majority of just one (186 to 185).<\/p>\n

Secure colleges and the Criminal Justice and Courts Bill<\/em>\u00a0(Part 2 and Schedules 5 & 6) House\u00a0of Lords Report Stage briefing, prepared by the Standing Committee for Youth Justice, the\u00a0Children\u2019s Right\u2019s Alliance and the Howard League for Penal Reform, can be found at:\u00a0http:\/\/www.crae.org.uk\/media\/74279\/cjc-bill-hol-report-stage-final.pdf<\/p>\n

HM Chief Inspector of Prisons for England and Wales Annual\u00a0Report 2013-14
\nConcerns about the safety and welfare of children and young people held in new \u2018secure\u00a0colleges\u2019 have also been raised recently by HM Chief Inspector of Prisons. In his Annual\u00a0Report for 2013-14, Nick Hardwick outlines the drop in numbers over the past decade of\u00a0young people held in young offender institutions which has led to a shrinking of the estate\u00a0overall. This has left a smaller but much more vulnerable and challenging population with\u00a0a higher propensity for violence. Given the reduction in the numbers, the 320 bed \u2018secure\u00a0college\u2019, planned to open in Leicestershire in 2017, will hold about a quarter of all children\u00a0in custody, raising doubts that these very troubled children will receive a \u201cbetter\u00a0education than that delivered in YOIs, where provision has improved significantly\u201d (p.15).<\/p>\n

Addressing pressures more generally within the prison estate, the Chief Inspector\u00a0challenged the Government over policies to reduce expenditure and at the same time\u00a0increase the prison population over operational capacity and projected levels. Financial\u00a0savings made by reducing staff had resulted in staff shortages and a significant loss of\u00a0more experienced personnel. Of most concern was that severe overcrowding in many\u00a0prisons meant that safety outcomes had declined significantly. As well as a growing\u00a0insufficiency of purposeful activities and rehabilitation programmes in prisons, there had\u00a0been an overall increase in the level of assaults, especially in adult male prisons. The Chief\u00a0Inspector found that \u201cadult males prisons are becoming more violent every year; that\u00a0trend accelerated in 2013-14 and included a dramatic 38% rise in the number of serious\u00a0assaults\u201d (p. 10). Associated with this, there had also been a dramatic increase in the\u00a0number of self-inflicted deaths and self-harm in prisons. Self-inflicted deaths in custody\u00a0increased by 69% in 2013-14 compared to the previous year. Acknowledging that a rise in\u00a0self-inflicted deaths in custody cannot be attributed to a single cause, the Chief Inspector\u00a0nevertheless concluded that:<\/p>\n

The conjunction of resource, population and policy pressures\u2026was a very\u00a0significant factor in the rapid deterioration of safety and other outcomes\u2026\u00a0The rise in the number of self-inflicted deaths was the most unacceptable\u00a0feature of this (p. 11).<\/em><\/p>\n

Responding to the Report on national radio, the Justice Secretary Chris Grayling disagreed\u00a0with the findings of the Chief Inspector, maintaining that there were at present sufficient\u00a0prison places, that new ones would be available in the future, and that any increase in the\u00a0prison population was linked to the prosecution of historic sex offences. The Prisons\u00a0Minister, Andrew Selous, was also quoted in the Guardian on 21st October 2014 saying\u00a0that the rise in self-inflicted deaths was \u201ca complex issue and the Chief Inspector has failed\u00a0to provide any evidence to support his assertion that this is linked to reforms made under\u00a0this government\u201d.<\/p>\n

HM Chief Inspector of Prisons for England and Wales Annual Report 2013-14 can be found\u00a0at:\u00a0https:\/\/www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk\/hmiprisons\/wpcontent\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2014\/10\/HMIP-AR_2013-14.pdf<\/p>\n

Closure of North Liverpool Community Justice Centre<\/strong>
\nFollowing consideration by the Ministry of Justice and HM Courts and Tribunal Service of\u00a0responses to the consultation paper \u2018Proposal on the future of North Liverpool\u00a0Community Justice Centre\u2019, published on 17th July 2013, it has been decided to close and\u00a0transfer the work of the Centre to Sefton Magistrates’ Court. Despite accepting that\u00a0workload at the Centre had increased in recent years, for example criminal proceedings\u00a0from April to July 2013 increased, by 31 per cent, HM Court and Tribunal Service\u00a0concluded that \u201cthe North Liverpool Community Justice Centre is unlikely to offer value\u00a0for money over future years\u201d (p. 23).<\/p>\n

Opened in 2005 and based on principles of problem solving and community engagement,\u00a0the Centre was the first, and most highly developed, community justice court in the UK.\u00a0Presided over by a judge, offenders were required to attend treatment programmes and\u00a0undertake unpaid work for the benefit of local community residents. An evaluation of the\u00a0centre, published in 2011 by the Centre for Crime and Justice Studies concluded that:<\/p>\n

Community justice in general, and the North Liverpool Community Justice\u00a0Centre in particular, could have a potentially transformative effect on\u00a0criminal justice. It is vital that the North Liverpool Centre continues its work\u00a0as a crucible for experimentation and a flagship for community justice. But\u00a0to do this successfully it requires long-term funding, an acknowledgement\u00a0that \u2013 if it is expected to innovate and experiment \u2013 then failures will occur,\u00a0and a long-term research strategy that can work alongside the Centre.\u00a0Without the latter, the Centre will eventually be seen as an emperor with no\u00a0clothes.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Interviewed by BBC News on 23rd October 2014, one of the authors of the evaluation\u00a0report, Professor George Mair of Liverpool Hope University, said: \u201cI think it is very\u00a0unfortunate that one of the most exciting initiatives in community justice has been closed\u00a0down with little evidence to back up such a decision\u201d.<\/p>\n

Response to the proposal on the future of North Liverpool Community Justice Centre, The\u00a0Ministry of Justice and HM Courts and Tribunal Service can be found at:\u00a0https:\/\/consult.justice.gov.uk\/digital-communications\/north-liverpool-community-justicecentre\/results\/nlcjc-consultation-response.pdf<\/p>\n

The evaluation report, \u2018Doing justice locally: The North Liverpool Community Justice\u00a0Centre\u2019 by George Mair and Matthew Millings can be found at:
\nhttp:\/\/www.crimeandjustice.org.uk\/sites\/crimeandjustice.org.uk\/files\/Doing%20justice%20locally.pdf<\/p>\n

Figures from the Crime Survey for England and Wales and police\u00a0recorded crime<\/strong>
\nStatistics published by the Office for National Statistics on 16 October show that there was\u00a0a 16% reduction in the overall number of estimated incidents of crime against households\u00a0and resident adults in England and Wales for the year ending June 2014. This is the lowest\u00a0estimate since the survey began in 1981. The number of crimes reported to the Crime\u00a0Survey for England and Wales was 7.1 million, roughly double the number of crimes (3.7\u00a0million) recorded by the police over the same time period (year ending 2014). Prior to this,\u00a0police recorded crime figures have shown year-on-year reductions since 2003\/04. The\u00a0survey data showed a decline in most offences, including a 23% fall in violent crime, a 20%\u00a0drop in criminal damage and a 12% decline in theft. The police recorded crime figures\u00a0showed a 21% increase in sexual offences, including a 29% increase in rape. The ONS\u00a0website states that \u201ccurrent, rather than historic, offences account for the majority of the\u00a0increase in sexual offences (73% within the last 12 months). Despite these recent\u00a0increases, it is known that sexual offences are subject to a high degree of underreporting\u201d.<\/p>\n

Separate hate crime figures published by the Home Office showed that hate crimes in\u00a0England and Wales rose 5% to 44,480 in 2013\/14. Race hate crimes rose by 4% to 37,484\u00a0and religious hate crimes were up 45% to 2,273 offences.<\/p>\n

The statistical bulletin for Crime in England and Wales, Year Ending June 2014, can be\u00a0found at:\u00a0http:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/ons\/rel\/crime-stats\/crime-statistics\/period-ending-june-2014\/stycrime-statistics.html<\/p>\n

Hate crimes, England and Wales, 2013 to 2014 can be found at:\u00a0https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/hate-crimes-england-and-wales-2013-to-2014<\/p>\n

The Secretary of State for Justice, Chris Grayling\u2019s speech to the\u00a0Conservative Party Conference<\/strong>
\nThe Secretary of State for Justice gave his annual speech to the Conservative Party\u00a0Conference on 30 September. Key messages included the toughness of the Tories running\u00a0the criminal justice system. Mr Grayling claimed \u201cYou are more likely to go to prison. You\u00a0will go there for longer. And it will cost the hard-working tax payer less to keep you there.\u201d\u00a0Grayling also claimed he had \u201ctoughened community sentences\u201d and \u201cstopped prisoners\u00a0claiming legal aid\u201d.<\/p>\n

A key focus of the speech was on victims. Grayling spoke about the introduction of the\u00a0\u201cwidely acclaimed\u201d Victims Code and stated that the next Conservative Government:<\/p>\n

\u2026will go much further, introducing a Victims Law to set victims’ rights in\u00a0statute\u2026and are planning a new national information service, a single\u00a0telephone number and website, so every single victim of crime has an easy\u00a0place to go to find out what help is available to them.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

He emphasized that these victim\u2019s services are \u201cbeing paid for by the criminals, not the\u00a0taxpayers\u201d.<\/p>\n

On prisons, Grayling stressed that by the time of the election in 2015 there \u201cwill be three\u00a0thousand more adult male [prison] places than we inherited from Labour\u201d. And on \u201cyouth\u00a0facilities\u201d, he stated that \u201cthere will be double the amount of education each week in\u00a0young offenders’ institutions\u201d. He also announced the opening of \u201ca new kind of\u00a0institution, a Secure College to take that education drive one step further\u201d. Stressing the\u00a0importance of work and education for effective resettlement, he emphasized that the new\u00a0Secure College would be \u201ctougher and more regimented\u201d:<\/p>\n

And we’re getting rid of playstations and Xboxes from cells there too. No\u00a0young person in detention should be sitting up all night playing computer\u00a0games.<\/p>\n

The full version of Chris Grayling\u2019s speech to the Conservative Party Conference can be\u00a0found at:\u00a0http:\/\/www.politicshome.com\/uk\/article\/105598\/chris_grayling_speech_to_the_conservative_party_conference.html<\/p>\n

Drugs: international comparators<\/strong>
\nThe Home Office has published an international comparative policy paper on drug-related\u00a0issues (30 October 2014). The introduction to the paper notes:<\/p>\n

There is robust evidence that drug use among adults has been on a\u00a0downward trend in England and Wales since the mid-2000s. This trend\u00a0seems to be reflected in drug use among children of school age. While,\u00a0historically, levels of drug use in the UK have been relatively high, there are\u00a0signs that, following several years of declining use, levels of drug use in this\u00a0country are close to the European average (p.4).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The paper draws on a 2010 report which looked at changes in the use of criminal justice\u00a0system resources in Portugal since decriminalisation there. The report concluded there\u00a0had been a reduced burden of drug offenders on the criminal justice system, highlighting\u00a0that the proportion of drug-related offenders in Portugese prisons (including people\u00a0convicted of crimes to fund drug consumption) fell from 44% in 1999 to 21% in 2008. The\u00a0report also noted that the number of drug law cases brought to court fell sharply following\u00a0decriminalisation.<\/p>\n

There are difficulties in comparing the success of drug policies in different countries due to\u00a0cultural, social and political variations effecting legislation, policing and sentencing.\u00a0Nevertheless, the report makes the following observations:
\n\uf0b7 Following decriminalisation in Portugal there has not been a lasting increase in\u00a0adult drug use. Looking across different countries, there is no apparent correlation\u00a0between the \u2018toughness\u2019 of a country\u2019s approach and the prevalence of adult drug\u00a0use.
\n\uf0b7 There is evidence from Portugal of improved health prospects for users (e.g.\u00a0significant reductions in the number of new diagnoses of HIV and AIDS among drug\u00a0users), though these cannot be attributed to decriminalisation alone.
\n\uf0b7 It is not clear that decriminalisation reduces the burden on the police. Portugal\u00a0appeared to apply similar police resourcing to drugs after decriminalisation as\u00a0before.
\n\uf0b7 There are indications that decriminalisation can reduce the burden on criminal\u00a0justice systems. Since decriminalisation, Portugal has reduced the proportion of\u00a0drug related offenders in its prison population.<\/p>\n

The report Report on the 2013 to 2014 international comparators study of approaches to\u00a0drug-related issues by the UK and other countries can be found at:\u00a0https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/drugs-international-comparators<\/p>\n

Review of New Psychoactive Substances<\/strong>
\nThe Home Office has published an evidence review of new psychoactive substances (NPS).\u00a0It reports that mephedrone use tends to be higher than other types of NPS. Perhaps\u00a0surprisingly, the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) reports that mephedrone\u00a0use has fallen since measurements began in 2010\/11. The review covers topics such as the\u00a0characteristics of NPS users, the market for NPS, motivations for NPS use, health harms,\u00a0social harms and evidence gaps.<\/p>\n

New Psychoactive Substances in England: A review of the evidence can be found at:\u00a0https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/368587\/NPSevidenceReview.pdf[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”2″ override_padding=”yes” column_padding=”2″ back_color=”color-lxmt” overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/3″ css=”.vc_custom_1593440492913{padding-right: 26px !important;padding-left: 26px !important;}”][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=”h3″ text_font=”font-128611″ text_size=”h4″ text_weight=”500″ text_color=”color-210407″]Latest Issue[\/vc_custom_heading][uncode_index el_id=”index-163686″ loop=”size:1|order_by:date|post_type:post|categories:2″ gutter_size=”3″ post_items=”title,date” screen_lg=”1000″ screen_md=”600″ screen_sm=”480″ single_text=”overlay” single_style=”dark” single_overlay_opacity=”50″ single_overlay_anim=”no” single_text_visible=”yes” single_text_anim=”no” single_h_align_mobile=”left” single_padding=”0″ single_title_family=”font-128611″ single_title_dimension=”h5″ single_title_weight=”400″][vc_button button_color=”accent” size=”btn-xl” radius=”btn-square” wide=”yes” custom_typo=”yes” font_family=”font-128611″ font_weight=”500″ border_width=”0″ link=”url:http%3A%2F%2Fmmuperu.co.uk%2Fbjcj%2Fnewsletter%2F|title:Newsletter||”]Subscribe to our Newsletter[\/vc_button][vc_raw_html]JTNDYSUyMGNsYXNzJTNEJTIydHdpdHRlci10aW1lbGluZSUyMiUyMGRhdGEtd2lkdGglM0QlMjI0MDAlMjIlMjBkYXRhLWhlaWdodCUzRCUyMjU0NSUyMiUyMGhyZWYlM0QlMjJodHRwcyUzQSUyRiUyRnR3aXR0ZXIuY29tJTJGYmpjb21tdW5pdHlqdXN0JTNGcmVmX3NyYyUzRHR3c3JjJTI1NUV0ZnclMjIlM0VUd2VldHMlMjBieSUyMGJqY29tbXVuaXR5anVzdCUzQyUyRmElM0UlMjAlM0NzY3JpcHQlMjBhc3luYyUyMHNyYyUzRCUyMmh0dHBzJTNBJTJGJTJGcGxhdGZvcm0udHdpdHRlci5jb20lMkZ3aWRnZXRzLmpzJTIyJTIwY2hhcnNldCUzRCUyMnV0Zi04JTIyJTNFJTNDJTJGc2NyaXB0JTNF[\/vc_raw_html][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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